ADHD therapy may cut risk of psychiatric disorders

Last Updated: 2009-06-30 14:36:30 -0400 (Reuters Health)

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - New research suggests that treatment with methylphenidate, sold as "Ritalin" and other trade names, or other stimulants may help prevent the development of additional psychiatric disorders, as well as improve school performance, in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

While numerous studies have shown that stimulant therapy for ADHD produces marked improvements in core symptoms, the impact, if any, on the development of other mental disorders was unclear, according to the report in the current issue of Pediatrics.

Combo treatment relieves migraine, painful periods

 2009-06-24

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - For women who suffer from menstrual migraines, menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) and other menstrual symptoms, combination therapy with plus naproxen may provide rapid and sustained pain relief, the results of two controlled trials indicate.

The studies also show that sumatriptan-naproxen is well tolerated, relieves nonpainful menstrual symptoms (bloating, tiredness, irritability) and reduces the need for rescue medication.

"Sumatriptan-naproxen may be targeting pathophysiologic mechanisms inherent both to migraine and dysmenorrhea," according to Dr. Lisa K. Mannix from Headache Associates, West Chester, Ohio and colleagues.

Sumatriptan is a migraine drug sold under the trade name Imitrex. It belongs to a drug class called selective serotonin receptor agonists and works by narrowing blood vessels in the head and stopping pain signals from being sent to the brain.

Naproxen is an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by stopping the body's production of a substance that triggers pain, fever and inflammation. Naproxen is sold under the trade name Aleve, Anaprox and several others.

Zolpidem extended-release improves sleep and next-day symptoms in comorbid insomnia and generalized anxiety disorder.

A multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended-release ( Ambien Cr ) coadministered with escitalopram in patients with insomnia and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder. Patients (N = 383) received open-label escitalopram 10 mg/d and were randomized to either adjunct zolpidem extended-release 12.5 mg ( Ambien Cr )  or placebo. The primary efficacy measure was change from baseline to week 8 in subjective total sleep time. Secondary efficacy measures included subjective sleep onset latency, number of awakenings, wake time after sleep onset, sleep quality, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Sleep Impact Scale, the Massachusetts General Hospital Cognitive and Physical Functioning Questionnaire, and the Sheehan Disability Scale. The last-observation-carried-forward method was used to impute missing values for most efficacy measures. Safety was monitored at each visit. At week 8 and all time points, there was a significant improvement in the zolpidem ( Ambien ) extended-release/escitalopram group compared with placebo/escitalopram for total sleep time (P < 0.0001). Most of the secondary efficacy measures also significantly favored zolpidem ( Ambien ) at most visits (P < 0.0001). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events in both groups were nausea, dizziness, headache, fatigue, and dry mouth. Concurrent zolpidem( Ambien )  extended-release/escitalopram, compared with placebo/escitalopram, significantly improved insomnia and sleep-related next-day symptoms, but not anxiety symptoms, in patients with comorbid insomnia and generalized anxiety disorder.

Fava M, Asnis GM, Shrivastava R, Lydiard B, Bastani B, Sheehan D, Roth T.

Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114-2696, USA. This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it

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